Bull Float vs Fresno Trowel: Tools Explained

Bull Float vs Fresno Trowel: Concrete Finishing Tools Explained

Concrete finishing requires specific tools used in the right order. The bull float is used first to push down aggregate and bring "cream" to the surface. The Fresno (steel trowel) is used last to create a smooth finish. Understanding when and how to use each tool is essential for professional results.

Bull Float: Used First to Push Down Rocks

The bull float is a large, flat tool used early in the finishing process.

What It Is

• Large float: Typically 3-4 feet wide
• Attached to handle: Long handle for reaching
• Aluminum or magnesium: Lightweight material

Purpose

The bull float serves several critical functions:

1. Push Down Aggregate

• Rocks and gravel: Pushes larger aggregate below surface
• Levels surface: Removes high spots
• Creates even surface: Prepares for further finishing

2. Bring "Cream" to Surface

• Cement paste: Brings fine cement paste to top
• Smooth layer: Creates smooth surface layer
• Essential step: Prepares surface for troweling

3. Initial Smoothing

• Removes screed marks: Eliminates marks from screeding
• Initial leveling: Creates initial smooth surface
• Fills low spots: Helps fill minor depressions

When to Use

• Right after screeding: Use immediately after leveling
• While concrete is wet: When concrete is still very wet
• Before troweling: Must be done before using trowel

Technique

• Push and pull: Move bull float in smooth passes
• Overlap passes: Ensure complete coverage
• Don't overwork: Several passes are usually enough

Fresno Trowel: Used Last to Smooth Surface

The Fresno trowel (steel trowel) is used for final smoothing.

What It Is

• Steel blade: Made of steel, not aluminum
• Attached to handle: Long handle for reaching
• Large size: Typically 12-24 inches wide

Purpose

The Fresno trowel creates the final smooth finish:

• Final smoothing: Creates smooth, dense surface
• Burns surface: Compacts the "cream" layer
• Removes imperfections: Eliminates any remaining marks
• Professional finish: Creates polished appearance

When to Use

• After bull float: Use after bull floating is complete
• When concrete has "set up": Concrete must have gained some stiffness
• Final step: Last tool before concrete becomes unworkable

Technique

• Smooth passes: Move trowel in smooth, overlapping passes
• Light pressure: Don't press too hard
• Multiple passes: 2-3 passes typically needed
• Work when "plastic": Concrete should be workable but not too wet

The Finishing Sequence

Use tools in this order for best results:

1. Screed: Level the concrete
2. Bull Float: Push down aggregate, bring cream to surface
3. Fresno Trowel: Final smoothing and burnishing
4. Edging (if needed): Round edges

Key Differences

Bull Float: Used first, pushes down rocks, brings cream to surface, prepares for troweling

Fresno Trowel: Used last, creates smooth finish, burns surface, final step

The Bottom Line

Bull float is used first to push down rocks and bring the cement "cream" to the surface. Fresno (steel) trowel is used last to smooth the surface and create the final finish. Use them in this order: screed, bull float, then Fresno trowel. Skipping the bull float means aggregate stays near the surface, making troweling difficult and creating a poor finish. Both tools are essential for professional concrete finishing.

Need professional concrete finishing? Contact Local Concrete Contractor. We use the right tools in the proper sequence for professional results.